Creating a fully-formed organism from a single cell is one of the most remarkable feats of biology. While this may seem like a daunting task, every living organism begins its life as a single cell that has the potential to differentiate and develop into every type of cell found in …

Host manipulation induced by parasites is broadly distributed in nature and it has been a topic of several studies over the past decades (Thomas et al. 2010). Ophiocordyceps unilateralis (Clavicipitaceae: Hypocreales) is a fungal pathogen-specific to ants of the tribe Camponotini (Formicinae: Formicidae) with global distribution. Among these myrmecophilous species, this so-called …

Crop diseases are a major concern for farmers and agricultural economies worldwide. These diseases can significantly impact crop yields and quality, leading to economic losses and food insecurity. In this article, we will discuss the ten most important economic impacts of crop diseases. 1. Yield Reduction Crop diseases can have …