Gymnosperms are vascular plants that reproduces by means of an exposed seed, or ovule—unlike angiosperms, or flowering plants, whose seeds are enclosed by mature ovaries, or fruits. The seeds of many gymnosperms (literally “naked seeds”) are borne in cones and are not visible until maturity. So far Taxonomists have recognized 88 genera and more …

Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction that takes place inside a plant, producing sugar type food for the plant to survive. Carbon dioxide, water and light are all needed for photosynthesis to take place. It happens in the leaves of a plant and the other green portions as well. The process of photosynthesis …

Many systems of classification of Gymnosperms have been proposed by different authors. According to the Classification of  Sporne (1965), Gymnosperms are classified into three classes. Among them, Gnetopsida is the third one. In this article, the only order of Gnetopsida is discussed in detail. Related articles Orders of Coniferophyta Orders of …