Cytology

Golgi apparatus is ubiquitous in cells. They are found in living cells of both animals and plants and are a dynamic structure. In animals, Golgi bodies usually appear morphologically as a cluster in one part of the cell and are interconnected with one another through tubules like a fibrous network. …

The cell is the simplest unit of an organism. And amitosis is the simplest cell division option for a living cell. Like every living being the cell is also divisible. In fact, the cell can divide itself. There are different types of ways for that. If a cell increases in …

The ER is the most extended organelle in plenty of eukaryotic cells: on average it occupies 10% of the cellular volume (Eelco and Roberto, 2016). The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a large, continuous organelle that extends throughout the entire cell (Eelco and Roberto, 2016). The ER not only is the …

Mitochondria is a plural term. The sole form of mitochondria is the mitochondrion. The Greek word ‘Mito’ means thread and ‘Condrion’ means granule. So we can say, mitochondria are thread-like or granular structures. They are found in the eukaryotic cells. We know them as the cell powerhouse or the cell …

All of us know that a living being always rises from another living being. Similarly, in terms of biology, biogenesis is a life-forming process. We also know that calls can have a variety of numbers of mitochondria according to their need. So mitochondrial biogenesis means the process of cells increasing …

When we observe a living cell, we can see a variety of living bodies of definite structures and functions suspended in the cytoplasm, known as organoids or organelles. These organelles are the main sites for various cytoplasmic activities. Some of these are concerned with the chemical activities or metabolism of …

A domain is the highest taxonomic level of species in biology. In 1977, Woese and his coworkers developed the groundbreaking three-domain system.  They proposed this classification based on differences in the sequences of nucleotides in the cell’s ribosomal RNAs (known as 16S rRNA). They created the first worldwide tree of …

In order to grow, cells have two options. They must either replicate themselves to create more cells, or the cells themselves must expand in volume. In humans, tissues such as the skin and blood contain cells that are actively dividing, while other tissues such as fat contain cells that expand. …

If we observe the nucleus of each cell, we’ll find that the DNA molecule in it is packaged into thread-like structures. These are called chromosomes that carry hereditary information for everything, i.e., height to eye color. These chromosomes are made up of DNA that is tightly coiled many times around …

Do you have ever heard the term ‘POMATO’ ? Pomato is the result of the hybridization two somatic cell of potato and tomato. From a somatic cell developed by the fusion of protoplasts from potato and tomato, is cultured to get a new harvest- pomato. In this harvest, the characteristics …