Transposons were first discovered in corn (maize) during the 1940s and ’50s by American scientist Barbara McClintock, whose work won her the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1983. The colourful pattern on maize ears have an important scientific significance. Modern research have shown that the stripes and spots …

Chromosome behaviour is an important factor that determine the pattern of variation and taxonomic distinctness. Pairing behavior and subsequent separation of chromosome occurs at meiosis. In reporting results of pairing studies, univalents are represented by Is, bivalents by IIs, etc. Some taxonomic information can be gained from the study of …

Study of chromosome structure is very important in cytotaxonomic studies. It includes chromosome size, shape and position of centromere (i.e. arm-length ratio of each chromosome in the genome) Chromosomal size and shape are also important as taxonomic criteria in taxonomy. For examples, The chromosomal ratio if Mediola and Trillium of …