Tag Archives: factors

Callus culture is a widely used technique in plant research and breeding. It involves inducing the formation of calluses, which are undifferentiated masses of cells that can be regenerated into whole plants. Establishing and maintaining calluses in tissue culture is a crucial step in many plant research studies. However, it …

Creating a fully-formed organism from a single cell is one of the most remarkable feats of biology. While this may seem like a daunting task, every living organism begins its life as a single cell that has the potential to differentiate and develop into every type of cell found in …

Buffers are aqueous systems that tend to resist changes in pH when small amounts of acid (H+) or (OH–) are added. A buffer system composes of a weak acid (the proton donor) and its conjugate base (the proton acceptor). A mixture of equal concentrations of acetic acid and acetate ion …