What is Phenol?  A large number of phenolic compounds which occur in plants as secondary metabolites are commonly known as Phenols. They are also known as Phenolies, Phenic acid, Benzenol and Carbolic acid.These compounds were first identified by German chemist Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge. They all are a chemical compounds consisting …

Every cell of an organism possesses all the structural genes or cistrons. The genes produce proteins and control the activities of the organism. But a genetic system doesn’t allow them to function all at a time in order to avoid enzymatic chaos. Many gene products are only needed occasionally by …

Essential Oil Essential oil is a concentrated hydrophobic liquid containing volatile aroma compounds from plants. They are usually lipophilic (literally: oil-loving) compounds that usually are not miscible with water. Also, they can be diluted in solvents like pure ethanol and polyethylene glycol. They are also known as volatile oils, ethereal …

An enormous range of plant substances are covered by the term ‘Terpenoids’ which is used to indicate that all such substances have a common origin. This Terpenoids are a diverse group of naturally occurring organic compounds mostly found in plants. They are any of a class of hydrocarbons that consist …

Algae is an extremely diverse group of organisms that make up the lower phylogenetic echelons of the plant kingdom. A precise definition of this group is elusive and they share many obvious characteristics with higher land plants, whereas their distinguishing features from other plant groups are varied and more subtle …

Haploid Breeding Haploids are sporophytic plants that are autonomous and possess only a single set of chromosomes (gametophytic chromosome number). These are in contrast of diploids containing two sets of chromosomes. Haploids may be originated from a gametic cell in the embryo sac or in the pollen grain. In haploids, …

Karyotype Most living organisms have chromosomes as the structural and functional units of genetic information in their cells. The number and appearance of chromosomes vary species to species. A karyotype is an organized profile of total chromosomes in a species or in an individual organism. It gives a preliminary idea …

Bonsai is a Japanese art. This term bonsai may be used to refer the art of miniaturizing trees but Usually it is more than an art form. The word “Bon-sai” is a Japanese word which, means “planted in a container”. This art form is derived from an ancient Chinese horticultural …