April, 2020

• 16 April

  Gymnosperm: Introduction, Characteristics & Classification

  

  Gymnosperms are seed-producing plants that do not produce any covering surrounding the seed i.e. the seed remains naked. The word ‘Gymnosperm’ originates from Gk. ‘gymnos’ meaning ‘naked’ and Gk. ‘sperma’ meaning ‘seeds’. A Greek botanist named Theophrastus first used the term ‘Gymnosperm’ in 300 BC in his book ‘Enquiry into …

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• 16 April

  Rubber: Cultivation And Processing

  

  Introduction Rubber is a polyterpene consisting of a long chain of thousands of isoprene units. Isoprene is a five carbon compound and a basic unit of rubber. The isoprenes are joined together end to end to form a giant molecule called polymer. The word rubber was first used by Priestly …

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• 14 April

  Oil Yielding Plants

  

   Oil Oils are liquid at room temperature (18-24 C) and usually contain oleic acid. On the other hand, fats are solid at room temperature and contain stearic or palmitic acid.   Definition Oils and fats are water insoluble substances called lipid, consisting of a mixture of triglycerides and containing also …

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• 12 April

  Introduction Of Paleobotany

  

   Paleobotany Paleobotany is a study of preserve of vestiges (remaining) of geological past. More comprehensively, it is a part of paleontology or paleo-biology which deals with recovery and identification of plant remains. Paleobotany can be defined or approached from the botanical point of view where emphasis is given on plant …

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• 12 April

  Methods OF Fossilization

  

  Process of fossilization Mainly there are two theories how plants become fossil. 1. Infiltration theory 2. Molecule by molecule replacement theory 1. Infiltration theory Infiltration theory is based on the fact that mineral matters are infiltrated and precipitated in the cell wall in the buried plant and plant parts undergoing …

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• 5 April

  Methods Of Vegetation: Quantitative

  

  Methods of Calculation of Quantitative Data   Quantitative data for individual species is calculated by the following methods: 1) Frequency = Number of sampling units in which the species occurred/Total number of sampling units studied Relative frequency = Frequency of a sp./Total frequency of all spp. X 100 2) Density …

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• 5 April

  Methods Of Vegetation: Qualitative

  

  Vegetation: Definition Vegetation is defined as an assemblage of plants growing together in a particular location. It is characterized either by its component species or by the combination of structure and functional characters that characterize the appearance or physiognomy of vegetation. Vegetation rapidly responds to changes in habitat. If the …

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• 4 April

  Measures of Dispersion

  

  Range The range consists of a bunch of data that shows the distinction between the highest and lowest values among the data set. So as to seek out the range, it’s necessary to first order the data from lowest to highest. Then  we have to subtract the smallest value from the …

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• 4 April

  Organisation and Presentation of Data

  

  There are two main methods of presenting data of a variable character or a variable. A) Tabulation/Tabular Presentation B) Drawing/Graphical Presentation Tabulation Tabulation is a device for presenting data from a mass of statistical data. Preparation of frequency distribution table is the first requirement for that. Tables are often simple …

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• 4 April

  Measures of Central Value: Mean, Median, Mode & Others

  

  There are various methods to measure the central value of an observation. For instance, average, mean, median, mode, etc. Average The average value of a characteristic is the one central value around which all other observations are distributed. In any large series, nearly 50% of observations lie above the central …

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