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Endosymbiosis in Plant Sap-Feeding Insects (Part-1)

Healthy animals are colonized by microorganisms routinely. The Human Microbiome, for example, is restricted to five body sites, such as skin, oral cavity, pulmonary tract, gastrointestinal tract, and urogenital tract. Some animals are, however, colonized by sub­stantial populations of microorganisms at sites inside of the body wall, e.g. in the …

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The Microsporangium & the Male Gametophyte

Microsporangium: The sporangium that is connected with the production of microspores (pollen grains) eventually development of male gametophyte is known as microsporangium. Microsporangia are produced on stamen where each stamen has a bilobed anther (each lobe has two microsporangia), connective and anther filament. When anther produces four elongated microsporangia, the …

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Dendrochronology: An Age Teller of Trees

“Dendrochonology”- a word derived from three ancient Greek words, which are: dendron,khronos and logia,stands for the science of calculating a tree’s age by it’s rings.The three Greek words :dendron,khronos and logia stands respectively for ‘tree’,’time’ and ‘the study of’. Short history of Dendrochronology: Greek botanist Theophrastus first mentioned that the …

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