Coral reefs are beautiful underwater ecosystems, look like undersea cities, filled with colourful fishes and numerous wonderful creatures. Sometimes coral reefs are called the ‘rainforests’ of the sea. In this article, the types, formation and importance of Coral Reefs will be discussed in detail. What are Coral Reefs? Coral reefs are …

Soil is the most common medium for plant growth. It also serves as a foundation material for engineering structures, for sewage disposal or mined as ore. However, human’s primary interest in soil has centered on its potential to support plants which provide food, fibre and forest products. In this article, …

Do you know what is Center of Origin? The center of origin is a geographical area where the particular group of organisms (either domesticated or wild) first originated on earth. This is the 3rd part of the topic: Concepts of center of origin of cultivated crops. If you have somehow …

Do you know what is Center of Origin? The center of origin is a geographical area where the particular group of organisms (either domesticated or wild) first originated on earth. This is the 2nd part of the topic: Concepts of center of origin of cultivated crops. If you have somehow …

What is Center of Origin? The center of origin is a geographical area where the particular group of organisms (either domesticated or wild) first originated on earth. Center of Origin & Center of Diversity Many people believed that centers of origin are also centers of diversity. But, the centers of diversity …

External surfaces of the plant bear several secretory structures of epidermal origin or epidermal derivatives or emergences from deeper tissues (Kisser, 1958). These include Glands, Glandular Trichomes, Nectaries, Osmophores, Hydathodes etc.  In this article,  these external structures of  plant will be discussed briefly. Trichomes and glands In some leaves and flowers, more or less …

The tissues that are concerned with the secretion of gums, resins, volatile oils, nectar, latex and other substances are called Secretory tissues. These tissues are mainly divided into two groups: Laticiferous tissue. Glandular tissue. In this article, Laticiferous tissue will be discussed explicitly. Laticiferous tissue A laticifer is a type of …

Deuteromycetes- also known as Deuteromycota, Deuteromycotina, fungi imperfecti and mitosporic fungi- are fungi that are unable to produce sexual spores and are therefore placed in their own separate phylum. It is an artificial group of fungi, of which there exist approximately 15000 species. Deuteromycetes are often reffered to as “fungi …

In a Museum when you see a glittering crystal, you would say it was a mineral  and you’d almost certainly be right. But can you say what a mineral really is? Define Minerals A mineral is an inorganic solid which is naturally occured. It has a fixed chemical composition and …

Vitamins and minerals are essential nutrients because they perform many roles within the body. There is a fine line between getting enough of those nutrients (which is healthy) and getting an excessive amount of (which can find yourself harming us). Eating a healthy diet remains the best way to get …